Jurnal Medika Hutama

ANALISIS RESISTENSI ANTIBIOTIK DI RSUP WAHIDIN SUDIROHUSODO TAHUN 2023-2024

2026-05-08T02:45:52+00:00

Resistensi antibiotik saat ini menjadi ancaman serius global terhadap efektivitas pengobatan infeksi bakteri, dengan dampak berupa kegagalan pengobatan, kebutuhan obat alternatif yang lebih mahal dan aman, peningkatan angka kesakitan dan kematian, perpanjangan rawat inap, serta biaya layanan kesehatan yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh gambaran resistensi antibiotik berdasarkan hasil uji sensitivitas (kategori Sensitif, Intermediate, dan Resisten) dari RSUP Wahidin Sudirohusodo pada tahun 2023–2024, serta menganalisis hubungan antara jenis bakteri dan pola resistensinya. Penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional ini menggunakan data sekunder hasil kultur dan uji sensitivitas antibiotik; sampel dipilih dengan total sampling berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan distribusi bakteri dan pola resistensi yang bervariasi antar rumah sakit; bakteri Gram negatif memperlihatkan resistensi terutama terhadap antibiotik beta-laktam tertentu dan fluorokuinolon, dengan sensitivitas relatif pada karbapenem dan aminoglikosida. Bakteri Gram positif menunjukkan sensitivitas yang baik terhadap vancomycin dan linezolid, namun resistensi terhadap penicillin, makrolida, dan tetrasiklin masih ditemukan pada sebagian isolat. Pada Mycobacterium tuberculosis, sebagian besar isolat sensitif terhadap rifampicin, tetapi terdapat pula respons intermediate dan resisten. Secara keseluruhan, pola resistensi di RSUP Wahidin Sudirohusodo bersifat heterogen dan spesifik terhadap jenis bakteri, sehingga penggunaan data antibiogram lokal penting sebagai dasar pemilihan terapi antibiotik yang rasional.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI INDEKS MASSA TUBUH PADA SANTRI SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA DI PONDOK PESANTREN AMALIAH

2026-05-08T02:46:14+00:00

Obesitas pada remaja merupakan masalah gizi yang semakin kompleks karena dapat terjadi bersamaan dengan kekurangan gizi (double burden), sehingga pemetaan faktor yang berhubungan dengan Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) penting dilakukan pada populasi santri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi IMT pada santri SMP di Pondok Pesantren Amaliah. Metode penelitian menggunakan desain potong lintang (cross-sectional) pada Januari–Maret 2025 di Pondok Pesantren Amaliah, Desa Datara, Kecamatan Tompobulu, Kabupaten Gowa. Sampel berjumlah 80 santri dari populasi 100 orang, diambil dengan teknik stratified sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui pengukuran antropometri (berat badan dan tinggi badan) untuk perhitungan IMT serta kuesioner pola makan, aktivitas fisik, faktor genetik, dan lingkungan/gaya hidup; analisis hubungan dilakukan menggunakan uji chi-square dengan batas kemaknaan p<0,05. Hasil menunjukkan mayoritas responden berusia 10–15 tahun (86,3%) dan laki-laki (56,3%). Kategori IMT didominasi normal (52,5%) dan underweight (40,0%), sedangkan overweight (5,0%) dan obesitas I (2,5%) lebih sedikit. Pola makan berhubungan signifikan dengan IMT (p<0,001), aktivitas fisik berhubungan signifikan dengan IMT (p<0,001), faktor genetik berhubungan signifikan dengan IMT (p=0,022), serta lingkungan/gaya hidup berhubungan signifikan dengan IMT (p<0,001). Kesimpulan: IMT santri berhubungan dengan pola makan, aktivitas fisik, predisposisi genetik, dan lingkungan/gaya hidup, sehingga intervensi berbasis institusi pesantren perlu menargetkan faktor perilaku dan dukungan lingkungan sehat.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KARIES GIGI PADA PASIEN DEWASA DI RUMAH SAKIT GIGI ROYAL PRIMA

2026-05-08T02:45:19+00:00

Dental caries is a non-communicable disease that remains a public health problem due to its clinical, social, and economic impacts. This study aims to analyze the relationship between oral hygiene habits and other determining factors with the incidence of dental caries in adult patients at the Royal Prima Dental and Oral Hospital in Medan in 2025. This study uses a quantitative observational analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The study sample consisted of 79 adult patients selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through a questionnaire covering the frequency and technique of tooth brushing, use of fluoride toothpaste, use of dental floss, consumption of sugar or sweets, consumption of carbonated drinks, smoking habits, and frequency of visits to the dentist. In addition, clinical examinations were conducted to assess the status of caries, dental plaque, and gingivitis. Bivariate analysis used the Chi-Square test and multivariate analysis used logistic regression. The results showed that 55.7% of respondents had dental caries. Bivariate analysis showed several factors that were significantly associated with the incidence of caries, namely brushing teeth less than twice a day (p=0.012), improper brushing technique (p=0.031), not using fluoride toothpaste (p=0.041), irregular visits to the dentist (p=0.018), frequent consumption of sugar or sweets (p=0.004), consumption of carbonated drinks (p=0.022), presence of dental plaque (p<0.001), and gingivitis (p=0.009). Multivariate analysis showed that dental plaque was a dominant factor in the occurrence of caries (OR=3.90; 95% CI: 1.66–9.16; p=0.002). Thus, oral hygiene habits, sugar consumption, and plaque control are important factors in the prevention of caries in adult patients

AUDIO-VISUAL BASED HEALTH EDUCATION ON COMPLIANCE WITH ROM EXERCISES IN STROKE PATIENTS

2026-05-08T02:45:03+00:00

Stroke is a leading cause of disability, leading to impaired physical mobility, requiring ongoing rehabilitation. One intervention is Range of Motion (ROM) exercises, but patient compliance with these exercises remains low due to limited knowledge of family caregivers. This community service activity aims to improve family compliance in assisting stroke patients with ROM exercises through audio-visual-based health education. The methods used include interactive lectures, educational video screenings, exercise demonstrations, and direct family support. The activity was conducted in Kebon Suuk Village, Cicalengka District, Bandung Regency, involving one family of a stroke patient. The results showed a 17.9% increase in family compliance after receiving audio-visual-based education. The family was able to understand the purpose and steps of ROM exercises and was able to perform them independently. The use of audio-visual media helped improve understanding because the material could be seen and heard directly. Continued support also strengthened the family's ability to perform the exercises continuously. The conclusion of this activity indicates that audio-visual-based health education is effective in improving family compliance in implementing Range of Motion (ROM) exercises in stroke patients at home.

MANAGEMENT OF HYPERTENSION IN A 75-YEAR-OLD FEMALE PATIENT THROUGH A FAMILY MEDICINE APPROACH AT MUARA BATU PRIMARY HEALTH CENTER, NORTH ACEH REGENCY

2026-05-08T02:44:45+00:00

A 75-year-old female patient, Mrs. F, presented to the geriatric clinic at Muara Batu Primary Health Center with a chief complaint of headache for the past two days. The headache was predominantly located in the occipital region, described as a tightening sensation and occasionally throbbing in nature, intermittent, and of moderate intensity, often occurring during physical activity. The complaint was not accompanied by dizziness. The patient also reported pain and a sensation of heaviness in the nuchal region, along with neck stiffness. Additionally, she complained of pain in both legs during physical activity. The patient had been diagnosed with hypertension for the past 10 years and had been prescribed amlodipine 10 mg/day; however, she was non-adherent to the medication regimen. Primary data were obtained through autoanamnesis and physical examination during a home visit, along with documentation in the family folder and patient records. Assessment was conducted based on initial, process, and final holistic diagnoses using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Interventions included providing education to the family regarding hypertension, lifestyle modification, and disease management, as well as explaining potential complications to improve treatment adherence and encourage preventive measures.

THE MANAGEMENT OF SCABIES IN A 9-MONTH-OLD MALE INFANT THROUGH A FAMILY MEDICINE APPROACH AT MUARA BATU PRIMARY HEALTH CENTER, NORTH ACEH REGENCY

2026-05-08T02:44:29+00:00

Patient An. MKM was brought by his mother to the Maternal and Child Clinic at Muara Batu Primary Health Center with complaints of erythematous papules accompanied by skin desquamation, itching, and pain in the interdigital areas of the hands, feet, and genital region for approximately 3 months. The symptoms worsened at night and during sweating, with the patient frequently scratching, becoming irritable, and crying. Initially, the lesions appeared between the fingers and later spread to other body areas. Some lesions ruptured due to scratching without pus formation.

Assessment was carried out through alloanamnesis and physical examination. The clinical findings were suggestive of a skin infection such as scabies. Interventions included education on personal and environmental hygiene, avoidance of scratching, and the use of topical medications along with adherence to regular treatment to prevent transmission. Primary data were obtained through alloanamnesis and physical examination during home visits, accompanied by family data collection and medical record documentation. Evaluation was conducted using a holistic diagnostic approach covering the initial, process, and final stages of care, both quantitatively and qualitatively. Interventions also included family education, lifestyle modification advice, and appropriate disease management

PERAN KEDOKTERAN KELUARGA DALAM MENGATASI TANTANGAN KESEHATAN MODERN : ANALISIS KONSEPTUAL

2026-05-08T02:44:14+00:00

Patient Mrs. K came to the elderly clinic of Muara Batu Community Health Center complaining of frequent tingling in both legs for 2 years and worsening in the past 2 months. The complaints were erratic, sometimes appearing during activity and sometimes even while resting. The patient also complained of feeling weak and dizzy when her blood sugar levels were high. The patient did not use insulin and did not regularly take Glimepiride. Primary data were obtained through auto-anamnesis and physical examination by conducting home visits, filling out family folders, and completing patient files. The assessment was based on a holistic diagnosis at the beginning, process, and end of the visit quantitatively and qualitatively. Interventions included educating her family about the causes of diabetes mellitus, educating them about lifestyle modifications and managing the disease, and explaining potential complications of the disease so that patients would take medication regularly and take preventive measures.

EFFORTS MANAGEMENT OF CUTANEUS LARVA MIGRANS IN A 27-YEARS OLD FEMALE PATIENT THROUGH A FAMILY MEDICINE APPROACH AT MUARA BATU PRIMARY HEALTH CENTER, NORTH ACEH REGENCY

2026-05-08T02:43:54+00:00

Mrs. Patient. I, Female 27 years, came to the Muara Batu Health Center with complaints of itching in the stomach since 2 months and Heavy 1 last week. Complaints in the form of reddish spots that spread to form winding lesions (serpiginosa) accompanied by itching, especially at night. The patient works as a brick maker and often does not use footwear so that the risk of exposure to contaminated soil, and there is a history of similar complaints in the patient's child. Primary Data were obtained through alloanamnesis, physical examination, as well as home visits, filling in the family folder, and filling out patient files. The assessment is based on a holistic diagnosis of the beginning, process, and end of the visit in quantitative and qualitative terms. Management includes pharmacological therapy (albendazole and antihistamines) as well as education on personal hygiene, the use of footwear, and the Prevention of environmental exposure through a family medicine approach.

EFFORTS MANAGEMENT OF TINEA CORPORIS IN A 16-YEARS-OLD FEMALE PATIENT THROUGH A FAMILY MEDICINE APPROACH AT MUARA BATU PRIMARY HEALTH CENTER, NORTH ACEH REGENCY

2026-05-08T02:43:36+00:00

Patient Mrs. S, came with her aunt to the Muara Batu Health Center with complaints of itching on the body area with circular spots that began to spread to the back, groin, legs and hands since 7 months ago and worsened in the last 2 weeks. The spots appear round with reddish-colored raised edges with firm borders accompanied by fine scales. Complaints are aggravated when sweating, especially when exposed to sunlight and patients often scratch the lesion to reduce the complaints felt. The assessment was carried out through autoanamnesis, physical examination and home visits. The clinical picture leads to a skin infection in the form of tinea corporis. Interventions carried out include education about the causes of tinea corporis to patients, education about personal and environmental hygiene, avoiding the use of common items (clothes, towels) to prevent the risk of transmission, the use of topical drugs and regular medication.

EFFORTS MANAGEMENT OF TINEA CORPORIS IN A 16-YEARS-OLD FEMALE PATIENT THROUGH A FAMILY MEDICINE APPROACH AT KUTA MAKMUR PRIMARY HEALTH CENTER, NORTH ACEH REGENCY

2026-05-08T02:43:15+00:00

Patient An. R, 16 years old came to the Kutamakmur Health Center General Polyclinic with complaints of itching in the buttocks about 3 months ago and it has been aggravating since the last 10 days. Initially the complaint appears in the buttocks (buttocks) then slowly extends to the groin. Most of these complaints also appear in the facial area. Initially, the patient felt itching and began to scratch the itchy part so that the bleeding left spots and was felt to be wider and in some parts it looked red with a fairly clear border and accompanied by fine scales. These complaints are quite disruptive to the patient's daily activities. The patient used the same towel as his family member, namely the patient's brother. The patient's brother is a student of the Islamic boarding school who suffers from similar complaints. On physical examination, TD 110/90 mmHg, HR78 x/min, RR 20 x/min, T 36.8°C. On examination of the facial region, eflorescence was seen in the form of hypopigmentation patches and erythematose with firm borders, accompanied by central healing and raised edges with fine squamas. The patient was given therapy, namely ketoconazole cream and oral. Primary data was obtained through anamnesis and physical examination by conducting home visits, filling out family folders, and filling out patient files. The assessment is carried out based on the initial holistic diagnosis, process, and end of the visit, Interventions carried out include education on the importance of clean and healthy living behaviors, avoiding risk factors, adherence to taking medication and avoiding complications that can occur due to tinea corporis.